What is POM(pageobjectmodel)

Page object model

• Page Object is a Design Pattern   which has become popular in test automation for enhancing test maintenance and reducing code duplication.
•  Page object is an object-oriented class that serves as an interface to a page of your Application under test. The tests then use the methods/WebElements of this page object class whenever they need to interact with that page of the UI. The benefit is that if any UI element  changes of that the page we don't need to change in our Test just we need to change only the code within the page object.
• Page Objects Model is best suited for applications which have multiple pages like similar registration form/or menu bar or states. Each of which have fields which can be uniquely referenced with respect to the page.

Pom Advantages:

1. Object Repository: We  can create an Object Repository of the fields segmented page-wise. This as a result provides a Page Repository of the application as well. 
2. Functional Encapsulation: All possible functionality or operations that can be performed on a page can be defined and contained within the same class created for each page.
3. Low Redundancy:Helps reduce duplication of code. If the architecture is correctly and sufficiently defined, the POM gets more done in less code.
4. Efficient & Scalable: Faster than other keyword-driven/data-driven approaches where Excel sheets are to be read/written.

How to implement Page object Model

•  Create a ‘New Package file and name it as ‘pageobjectpages’ by right click on the Project and select New > Package.

• 2. Create a ‘New Class’ file and refer the name to the actual page from the test object, by right click on the above created Package and select New > Class. In our case it as FacebookRegistrationpage

• Now write code for Registration page.
•  Make Webdriver driver as null
• You need to define all elements according to ui whether it is radiobutton/textboxes.Just you need to define the all webelemets on which you want to perform action.
•  Create a Constuctor of Your class and Pass WebDriver as Parameter 
• You need to write methods/Function for all WebElements whether you want to click/write/Select from dropdown.

package pageobjectpages;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

public class FacebookRegistrationpage {

//Instancing webdriver

public  WebDriver driver;

//Defining webelements 

By firstname = By.xpath("//*[@value='First name']");

By lastname =  By.xpath("//*[@value='Last name']");

By email = By.xpath("//*[@value='Email or mobile number']");

    By reemail =  By.xpath("//*[@value='Re-enter email or mobile number']");

    By newPassword = By.xpath("//*[@value='New password']");

    By month = By.xpath("//*[@id='month']");

    By day = By.xpath("//*[@id='day']");

    By year = By.xpath("//*[@id='year']");

    By femaleradiobutton = By.xpath("//*[@id='u_0_d']");

    By signup = By.xpath("//button[@name='websubmit']");

 // Instantiate class

  public FacebookRegistrationpage(WebDriver driver) {

  this.driver = driver;

  }

    

 // Type firstname

  public void typefirstname(String uname) {

  //Create a method which will enter firstname

  driver.findElement(firstname).sendKeys(uname);

  }

 // Type lastname

  public void typelastname(String lstname) {

  //Create a method which will enter lastname

  driver.findElement(lastname).sendKeys(lstname);

  }

  // Type email

  public void typeemail(String emailid) {

  //Create a method which will enter emailid

  driver.findElement(email).sendKeys(emailid);

  }//Typereemail

  public void typeremail(String remailid) {

  //Create a method which should type email

  driver.findElement(reemail).sendKeys(remailid);

  }

  //typenewpassword

  public void typenewPassword(String newpassrd) {

  //Create method will enter password

  driver.findElement(newPassword).sendKeys(newpassrd);

  }

  //selectmonth

  public void selectmonth(String mont){

  Select mon = new Select(driver.findElement(month));

  mon.selectByVisibleText(mont);

  }

  //Select date 

  public void selectdate(String date){

Select datebirth = new Select(driver.findElement(day));

datebirth .selectByVisibleText(date);

}

  //selecting year

  public void selectyear(String yea){

Select yearsel = new Select(driver.findElement(year));

yearsel .selectByVisibleText(yea);

}

  //clicking on femaleradiobutton  

  public void ClickingGender(){

  driver.findElement(femaleradiobutton).click();

  }

 

//clicking sign up button  

  public void clicksignup(){

  driver.findElement(signup).click();

  }

}

//In this We have created a Registration page of Facebook Now we need to call this page in our Testcase.Generally we create pages in page object model and after that we call that pages in Testcase.

•  Create a ‘New Package file and name it as ‘pageobjectframework’ by right click on the Project and select New > Package.
  
•  Create a ‘New Class‘ and name it as TestCase by right click on the ‘pageobjectFramework‘ Package and select New > Class.

package pageobjectframework;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import pageobjectpages.FacebookRegistrationpage;

public class TestCase {

WebDriver driver;

FacebookRegistrationpage page;

@BeforeTest 

    public void openBrowser(){

        driver = new FirefoxDriver();

        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

        driver.manage().window().maximize();

        driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");

    }

//This test will fill the sign up page of facebook login

@Test

public void registerDetails(){

page = new FacebookRegistrationpage(driver);

page.typefirstname("ritika");

page.typelastname("Gulati");

page.typeemail("submityourmailid@gmail.com");

page.typeremail("submityourmailid@gmail.com");

page.typenewPassword("seleniumgyan");

page.selectdate("22");

page.selectyear("1991");

page.selectmonth("Jan");

page.ClickingGender();

page.clicksignup();

}

}

In Pageobject framework just we create pages and call these pages into our Testcases.In these pages we just write all the Webelements and functions. This is only registration page but it Depends on application How many pages your application contains.If your application have 20 ui pages Then you can call all 20 pages in One Testcase.